Orkney Islands

The Orkney Islands are a county area located off the north coast of mainland Scotland, set between the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. Made up of a group of islands, the area is defined by its open landscapes, low lying farmland and extensive coastline. The surrounding sea has always played a central role in shaping life here, influencing settlement, transport and local traditions.

The main centre is Kirkwall, which acts as the administrative and commercial hub for the islands, alongside other settlements such as Stromness and a number of smaller communities spread across the islands. Farming and fishing have long been central to the local economy, supported more recently by energy production and tourism. Communities are closely connected, with a steady pace of life shaped by geography and season.

The Orkney Islands are particularly known for their archaeological heritage, with well preserved prehistoric sites and landscapes that reflect thousands of years of human activity. Walking, wildlife watching and coastal exploration are widely enjoyed, often in quiet and unspoilt surroundings. Overall, the Orkney Islands offer a calm and distinctive mix of island living, natural landscape and deep historical roots, giving them a unique and enduring place within Scotland.

What is the population of Orkney Islands?

Orkney Islands has a population of about 21,961 people, at a density of 22 per square kilometre.

Orkney Islands has 136 towns, villages and localities in total. The main towns are shown below. You can also browse the full A to Z of every place in Orkney Islands.

Orkney Islands is served by 1 postcode area. Each area contains multiple postcode districts covering different parts of the county.